Letter to the editor

Current biological and pharmacological updates on Tinospora cordifolia

Shubham Kumar1, Murtaza M. Tambuwala2, Yachana Mishra3[*], Vijay Mishra1

1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab)-144411, India

2College of Pharmacy, Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates

3School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab)-144411, India

EXCLI J 2024;23:Doc811

 



Guduchi, scientifically known as Tinospora cordifolia, is one of the non-controversial and extensively used herbs in Ayurvedic medicine belonging to the family Menispermaceae (Sharma, 2017[17]). In the Ayurvedic healthcare system, guduchi is considered precious for its curative properties. The plant's numerous chemical contents, which are dispersed throughout its various plant sections, and each has unique medicinal properties, are responsible for its pharmacological actions. Glycosides, diterpenoid lactones, sesquiterpenoids, steroids, phenolic and aliphatic substances, essential oils, multiple kinds of fatty acids, polysaccharides, and tinosporaside (Figure 1(Fig. 1)) are among these chemical components (Ninama et al., 2022[9]). Only a few systematic reviews have been published highlighting the possible advantages of the plant, however, the majority of preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrated the wound healing, diabetes, hepatic, anti-toxic, anti-stress, inflammatory, and additional bioactive properties of T. cordifolia. As there is a scarcity of studies reflecting the therapeutic role of T. cordifolia, the present letter highlights the beneficial effects of T. cordifolia in the treatment of different diseases. Additionally, it gives researchers a direction for future research and suggests ways to improve the safety and effectiveness of T. cordifolia in treating a variety of diseases and other uses (Table 1(Tab. 1); References in Table 1: Ambalavanan et al., 2021[1]; Balkrishna et al., 2023[2]; Bhandari et al., 2022[3]; Gupta et al., 2018[4]; Kamboj et al., 2023[5]; Kumar et al., 2022[6]; Maya et al., 2022[7]; Mishra et al., 2023[8]; Philip et al., 2018[10]; Prakash Kumar et al., 2011[11]; Prasad and Chauhan, 2019[12]; Pushp et. al., 2013[13]; Salve et al., 2015[14]; Sarkar et al., 2023[15]; Sharma et al., 2019[16]; Singh et al., 2020[18]; Tiwari et al., 2014[19]; Yow et al., 2023[20]).

Declaration

Funding

None.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

 

References

1. Ambalavanan R, John AD, Selvaraj AD. Nephroprotective role of nanoencapsulated Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) using polylactic acid nanoparticles in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic nephropathy rats. IET Nanobiotechnol. 2021;15:411-7
2. Balkrishna A, Haldar S, Varshney A. OECD-407 Driven 28-day-repeated-dose non-clinical safety evaluation of Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) stem aqueous extract in Sprague-Dawley rats under GLP compliance. Front Pharmacol. 2023;14:1095083
3. Bhandari A, Sharma AK, Singh H, Singh A, Kaur G. Aging-related changes in metabolic indicators in female rats and their management with Tinospora cordifolia. Biogerontology. 2022;23:363-80
4. Gupta PK, Kulkarni S. Polysaccharide rich extract (PRE) from Tinospora cordifolia inhibits the intracellular survival of drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages by nitric oxide induction. Tuberculosis. 2018;113:81-90
5. Kamboj S, Soni SK, Shukla G. Preparation, characterization, and safety assessment of statistical optimized probiotic supplemented herbal wine from Tinospora cordifolia. 3 Biotech. 2023;13(4):118
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8. Mishra A, Sharma K, Pandey J, Dev K, Kadan S, Sahai M, et al. Tinosporaside from Tinospora cordifolia encourages skeletal muscle glucose transport through both PI-3-kinase-and AMPK-dependent mechanisms. Molecules. 2023;28(2):483
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13. Pushp P, Sharma N, Joseph G, Singh R. Antioxidant activity and detection of (−) epicatechin in the methanolic extract of stem of Tinospora cordifolia. J Food Sci Technol. 2013;50:567-72
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15. Sarkar A, Mukherjee S, Sarkar D, Thakur S, Nandy SK. Molecular docking analysis of phytochemicals from Tinospora Cordifolia as potential inhibitor against SARS CoV-2. Int J Res Appl Sci Eng Technol. 2023;11(1):439-42
16. Sharma M, Pundir J, Vishwakarma P, Goel RK, Saini M, Saxena K. Evaluation of nephroprotective activity of Tinospora cordifolia against gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats: an experimental study. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol. 2019;8:1179-84
17. Sharma S. A comparative in-vitro study of antioxidant activity of fresh and dry Guduchi Tinospora Cordifolia (Willd) Miers. Stems. (PhD Thesis). Bangalore, India: Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, 2017
18. Singh H, Sharma AK, Gupta M, Singh AP, Kaur G. Tinospora cordifolia attenuates high fat diet-induced obesity and associated hepatic and renal dysfunctions in rats. PharmaNutrition. 2020;13:100189
19. Tiwari M, Dwivedi U, Kakkar P. Tinospora cordifolia extract modulates COX-2, iNOS, ICAM-1, pro-inflammatory cytokines and redox status in murine model of asthma. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;153:326-37
20. Yow H-Y, Fernandez M, Kumar HSN, Azlina AA, Najwa M, Krishnappa P. The diabetic wound healing abilities of the aqueous ethanolic extract of tinospora cordifolia stem in streptozotocin - nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Preprint Authorea. 2023. doi: 10.22541/au.169211012.24540041/v1
 
 

Figure 1: (A) Plant part of T. Cordifolia and (B) Chemical structure of Tinosporaside

 

Table 1: An update on the biological and pharmacological activities of Tinospora cordifolia

[*] Corresponding Author:

Dr, Yachana Mishra, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab)-144411, India, eMail: yachanamishra@gmail.com